Most of the battlefields of Upper Canada are marked with
at least an historical plaque or monument. Where a park
or restored wartime facility is present it is noted in the
description below.
A B C
D E F G H I J K
L M N O
P Q R
S T U
V W X Y Z
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Amherstburg
A town in Upper Canada on the Detroit River
at Lake Erie. It was the main naval base and shipyard
for the British on Lake Erie. A replica of the British
flag ship at the Battle of Lake Erie, HMS Detroit, is
on display at Amherstburg.
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Ancaster
Small community in Upper Canada at western end of Lake
Ontario, now part of the City of Hamilton. It was the
site of the treason trials held in the summer of 1814,
15 men were sentenced to death for aiding the United States,
8 were executed.
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Beaver Dams
A small community in Upper Canada, now part of the City
of St. Catharines, it was the site of a battle in 1813
which saw the capture of an American detachment. Laura
Secord provided the warning to British forces of the approaching
Americans.
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Blackrock
A small Village in New York state just north of Buffalo.
It was burned in 1814 in retaliation for the destruction
of Niagara.
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Blandensburg
Village near the American capital Washington, it was
the site of a battle between British and American forces.
The defeat of the Americans led to the partial destruction
of Washington in retaliation for the destruction of York
the year before.
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| British North America
That part of
North America which did not separate from the British Empire
as part of the United States in 1783. The colonies of Upper
and Lower Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward
Island and Newfoundland were the individual components of
British North America.
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Buffalo
A town in New York state on the Niagara River at Lake
Erie. It was burned in 1814 in retaliation for the destruction
of Niagara.
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Burlington
A town in Upper Canada at the western end of Lake Ontario.
After the defeat at Fort George in the Spring of 1813
the British forces in Niagara concentrated at Burlington
and built defence works. This position was maintained
even after the Niagara area was recaptured late in the
year.
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Châteauguay
Location of an 1813 battle in Lower Canada that led to
the retreat of an American army threatening Montreal.
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Chippewa
A small community in Upper Canada on the Niagara River,
where the Welland River flows into it, the site of a small
British fort. The Battle of Chippewa was fought just south
of there. A battlefield park has been established and
is open to visitors.
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Cooks Mills
Location of an 1814 battle in the Niagara area, the last
hostilities in that region.
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Cornwall
A town in Upper Canada on the St. Lawrence River near
the border with Lower Canada (Quebec). It served as a
shipping point to forward supplies to the rest of Upper
Canada during the War of 1812.
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Crysler’s Farm
Location of an 1813 battle on the North Shore of the
St. Lawrence between Gananoque and Cornwall. The actual
battlefield was flooded in the 1950s during the development
of the St. Lawrence Seaway. The monument was moved to
higher ground at that time.
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Fort Dearborn
American fort in the Illinois Territory, now Chicago.
It was destroyed by the First Nations in 1812.
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Fort Detroit
American military post on the Detroit River where it
meets Lake St. Clair. A large fort, it was captured by
the British early in the war. It was retaken by the United
States in 1813 and served as the base for the invasion
of western Upper Canada by General
Harrison that same year. It served as the
headquarters for the various American expeditions sent
into the Western District in 1814 to destroy provisions
and capture Upper Canadian militia officers.
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Fort Erie
A small British military post at the south end of the
Niagara River at Lake Erie. It was captured by American
forces in 1813 and 1814 and was the scene of a major battle
in August of 1814. When the Americans again evacuated
the area in November 1814 the fort was blown up.
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Fort George
British military post at the town of Niagara. It was
captured by American forces in 1813, but evacuated late
in the year.
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Fort Malden
British military post at the town of Amherstburg on the
Detroit River where it meets Lake Erie. It protected the
naval base and shipyard at the town. It served as Brock’s
base when he captured Detroit in 1812. The following year
it was captured by American forces and remained under
occupation until after the signing of the peace treaty
in 1814.
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Fort Meigs
An American fort on the Maumee River in the Ohio Territory
General Proctor attempted to capture or destroy the fort
in 1813 to keep it from being used as a base of operations
against Detroit. The attack was repulsed.
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Fort Michilimackinac
An American military post on the narrows between Lake
Superior, Lake Huron and Michigan. It was captured by
the British at the beginning of the war and held until
after the peace was signed in 1814. It was an important
point for sending supplies to the First Nations allies
of the British. The post was also known as Fort Mackinac.
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Fort Niagara
American military post on the Niagara River at Lake Ontario.
It was the headquarters of American forces in that area
in the early stages of the war. It was captured by British
forces in December of 1813 and held until the end of the
war.
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Fort Stephenson
An American fort on the Sandusky River in the Ohio Territory,
General Proctor attempted to capture or destroy the fort
in 1813 to keep it from being used as a base of operations
against Detroit. The attack was repulsed.
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Fort Wellington
A British military post on the St. Lawrence River at
Prescott. The earthwork fort was built to protect British
shipping on the St. Lawrence River.
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Fort York
A British military base at York it was partially destroyed
during the American raids and rebuilt after the war.
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Frenchman’s Creek
A Creek flowing into the Niagara River a few kilometres
north of Fort Erie. It was the site of an American landing
in the fall of 1812, the attack was repulsed by Upper
Canadian militia and British regulars.
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Frenchtown
The site of General Winchester's defeat early in 1813,
near Fort Detroit.
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Gananoque
A town in Upper Canada, on the St. Lawrence River. It
served as a supply depot throughout the War of 1812. American
raiders burned the warehouse of military supplies in the
fall of 1812.
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Grand River
Upper Canadian river flowing into Lake Erie from the
north, the location of the 6 Nations (Iroquois) Reserve.
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Kingston
A town in Upper Canada where Lake Ontario flows into
the St. Lawrence River. It served as the main British
naval base and shipyard in the province during the war.
The fortifications built here were destroyed after the
war by the construction of new forts.
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Lake Champlain
A lake primarily in New York State and Vermont south
of Montreal.
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Long Woods
The location of a battle between British troops and American
raiders near the present village of Thamesville on the
Thames River west of London, Ontario.
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Lower Canada
In 1791 the Province of Quebec was split into two parts,
the eastern portion was Lower Canada and the western Upper
Canada. Lower Canada was combined with Upper Canada in
1841 to form the United Province of Canada, and in 1867
they split again, the eastern portion became the Province
of Quebec.
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Lundy’s Lane
Site of the 1814 battle near Niagara Falls in Upper Canada.
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Mackinaw Island
A small island post on the narrows between Lake Superior,
Lake Huron and Michigan. It was the site of Fort Mackinac.
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Moraviantown
A small community in the southwestern portion of Upper
Canada, the location of the Battle of Moraviantown or
Battle of the Thames were Tecumseh was killed.
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Newark
See Niagara (Town)
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New Orleans
An American city at the southern end of the Mississippi
River, it was the location of the bloodiest British defeat
of the War of 1812.
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Niagara (Town)
A town in Upper Canada, also known as Newark, at the
north end of the Niagara River. It was the site of many
battles and skirmishes over the course of the War of 1812.
When American forces evacuated the area late in 1813 they
burned the town to the ground. Now known as the town of
Niagara-on-the-Lake.
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Niagara District
The part of Upper Canada bounded on the east by the Niagara
River, the north by Lake Ontario and the south by Lake
Erie. It was a major battlefield during the War of 1812.
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Ogdensburg
A town in New York State, on the St. Lawrence River.
A major point for smuggling during the War of 1812.
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Penetanguishene
A small community in Upper Canada on Lake Huron. In the
closing months of the war it was developed as a naval
base to replace Amherstburg. It continued to fill this
role until the 1840s.
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Plattsburgh
An American town and naval base on Lake Champlain, the
location of the Battle of Lake Champlain where the British
fleet on the lake was defeated.
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Queenston
A small village in Upper Canada north of Niagara Falls,
now part of the town of Niagara-on-the-Lake. It was the
home of Laura Secord. Many historic buildings, including
Laura Secord’s home, have been preserved in this
community.
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Queenston Heights
The high ground on the Niagara Escarpment above the Village
of Queenston. It was fortified early in the war and was
the object of an American attack in 1812. The defeat of
the Americans and the death of General Brock had an important
affect on the remainder of the war. nhs/on/queenston
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Rideau Canal
A canal system stretching from the St. Lawrence near
Kingston to the present city of Ottawa. It was built in
the decade after the war to provide a more secure route
for the shipment of supplies to Upper Canada.
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Sackets Harbor
A town in New York State at the eastern end of Lake Ontario.
It served as the main American naval base and shipyard
during the War of 1812. In 1813 an unsuccessful attack
was launched on this place from Kingston under the command
of General Prevost.
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Sandwich
A small community in Upper Canada on the Detroit River
now part of the City of Windsor. It was the place briefly
occupied by American forces in 1812 when General Hull
launched the first invasion of Upper Canada. It was again
occupied in 1813 and remained under American control until
the end of the war.
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St. Davids
A small village in Upper Canada, now part of the Town
of Niagara-on-the-Lake, it was burned by American forces
in 1814.
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Stoney Creek
A small community in Upper Canada, now part of the City
of Hamilton, it was the site of a battle in 1813 that
brought the American advance after Fort George to a halt.
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Thames River
Upper Canadian river flowing into Lake St. Clair from
the east, it was used as the route for General Procter’s
forces when he retreated from Detroit in the fall of 1813.
The Battle of Moraviantown, or the Battle of the Thames,
was fought on its banks.
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Upper Canada
In 1791 the Province of Quebec was split into two parts,
the eastern portion was Lower Canada and the western Upper
Canada. Lower Canada was combined with Upper Canada in
1841 to form the United Province of Canada, and in 1867
they split again, the western portion became the Province
of Ontario.
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Washington
The capital of the United States, it was partially destroyed
in 1814 in retaliation for the destruction of York the
year before.
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Welland River
Upper Canadian river flowing into the Niagara River from
the west, it was frequently the front line between British
and American forces during the summer of 1814. Also known
as the Chippewa Creek.
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Western District
The part of Upper Canada bounded by the Detroit River,
Lake St. Clair and St. Clair River to the west, Lake Erie
to the South and Lake Huron to the north. The area was
the scene of many battles during the war.
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York
A town in Upper Canada on the north shore of Lake Ontario,
now the City of Toronto. The capital of Upper Canada it
was attacked twice by American forces in 1813 and many
of the public buildings, including the original parliament
building, were destroyed. The charred remains of the Parliament
building has been recently excavated by archaeologists.
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